Which of the following factors will affect resolution of penetrant indications?

The resolution of penetrant indications is influenced by several factors that interact to determine how well defects can be detected and visualized during liquid penetrant testing. The correct choice emphasizes surface condition, penetrant sensitivity, and temperature, all of which play crucial roles.

Surface condition is vital because a clean, smooth surface enhances the ability of the penetrant to fill surface-breaking defects. If the surface is rough or contaminated, it may obstruct the penetrant from penetrating properly, leading to less reliable indications.

Penetrant sensitivity refers to the formulation of the penetrant itself and its ability to detect small flaws. More sensitive penetrants can reveal smaller defects more clearly, affecting the resolution of the indications.

Temperature also has a significant impact. High temperatures can increase the viscosity of the penetrant, making it harder for the material to flow into tiny cracks. Conversely, in very cold conditions, the penetrant may not spread properly, leading to inadequate indications.

In summary, all three factors—surface condition, penetrant sensitivity, and temperature—are integral to achieving clear and accurate indications during penetrant testing, making this choice the most comprehensive and correct.